Allergies and food intolerances affect many people in Germany and can significantly impact daily life. In this article, you'll learn all about the symptoms, differences, diagnostic methods, and strategies for managing these health problems.
All about allergies: From symptoms to causes
What are the most common symptoms of allergies?
Allergies can manifest themselves in the body in very different ways. The spectrum of possible symptoms is broad, ranging from annoying skin reactions to life-threatening breathing difficulties.
The most common symptoms of allergies are:
- Sneezing attacks, constant sneezing and a runny nose
- Itchy, red and often swollen eyes
- Severe, persistent cough and shortness of breath
- Skin redness, hives, eczema and other skin reactions
- Nausea, vomiting and diarrhea
- Headaches and dizziness
These symptoms often occur shortly after contact with the allergenic substance and can vary in intensity depending on the severity of the allergy.
How do allergies differ from food intolerances?
Many people confuse allergies with food intolerances, even though they are two completely different reactions of the body.
The main differences are:
- In an allergy, the immune system reacts to an otherwise harmless substance; in an intolerance, the body is physiologically unable to process the food properly.
- Allergies can be life-threatening, but intolerances are generally less dangerous.
- Allergies are triggered by IgE antibodies, intolerances have other causes such as enzyme deficiency.
- Allergies often occur in childhood, but intolerances can also develop in adulthood.
It is therefore important to distinguish between an allergy and an intolerance in order to initiate the correct treatment.
What happens in the body during an allergic reaction?
Allergies are complex processes that affect our bodies deeply. To fully understand them, it is important to examine the mechanisms of an allergic reaction in more detail.
When the body encounters an allergen, the following happens:
- The immune system recognizes the actually harmless substance as a threat and produces antibodies (IgE) against it.
- Upon renewed contact, these antibodies bind to the allergens and thereby release histamine.
- Histamine is a messenger substance that triggers typical allergy symptoms such as swelling, itching and inflammation.
- The stronger the immune system’s reaction, the more severe the symptoms.
In severe cases, it can even lead to life-threatening allergic shock, in which the entire body is flooded.
Allergies are complex processes that affect our immune system deeply. To understand them, it is important to know the precise mechanisms behind them. Only then can allergies be treated properly and, in the best case, even prevented.
Everything you need to know about allergies and food intolerances
What tests are available to diagnose allergies?
To diagnose an allergy, there are various tests that a doctor can perform. Common tests include:
Skin tests
- The skin test is one of the most common methods for allergy diagnosis.
- Small amounts of the suspected allergen are applied to the skin and the reaction is observed.
- In the case of an allergy, redness and swelling occur at the injection site.
Blood tests
- Using blood tests, the doctor can measure the amount of allergy-causing antibodies (IgE) in the blood.
- The higher the value, the more likely an allergy is present.
- Blood tests are particularly helpful for food or medication allergies.
Provocation tests
- In this test, the suspected allergen is introduced directly into the body.
- This can be done through the mouth, nose or skin.
- Based on the reactions triggered, the doctor can clearly diagnose the allergy.
How do I recognize the symptoms of a food intolerance?
Food intolerance often manifests itself in unpleasant symptoms that occur after consuming certain foods. Typical signs include:
Indigestion
- Bloating, abdominal pain, diarrhea or constipation
- Often the majority of symptoms occur within a few hours after eating
Skin reactions
- Itching, rash, hives or eczema
- Symptoms may occur immediately or with a delay
General complaints
- Fatigue, headache, joint pain or dizziness
- These non-specific symptoms can have various causes
When should I see a doctor?
If you suspect you may be suffering from an allergy or food intolerance, it is advisable to consult a doctor. You should make an appointment, especially in the following cases:
- In case of severe or life-threatening reactions such as difficulty breathing, circulatory problems or swelling of the face
- If symptoms persist or recur and affect your well-being
- If a food allergy is suspected , to identify the triggering foods
- For unclear complaints where you cannot find the cause yourself
As an experienced blogger, I recommend that you always consult a doctor if you have any health issues. They can correctly assess your symptoms and initiate the appropriate diagnosis and treatment. Don't try to self-medicate—this can be dangerous and lead to further problems. Listen to your body and seek professional advice.
How to deal with food intolerances
Which nutritional strategies help with food intolerances?
When it comes to food intolerances, it's important to find the right nutritional strategy. There are various approaches to alleviate symptoms and support the body.
Elimination and slow reintroduction
- Identify the foods that cause you discomfort and temporarily eliminate them from your diet.
- Reintroduce these foods gradually to find out how much your body can tolerate.
- Pay attention to changes in your well-being and document your observations.
Balanced and nutrient-rich diet
- Focus on foods that are good for you and rich in important nutrients.
- Include plenty of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, and lean protein sources in your diet.
- Avoid processed and high-fat foods as much as possible.
Supplementation with enzymes and probiotics
- Dietary supplements containing enzymes or probiotics can support digestion and the intestines.
- Ask your doctor or pharmacist about suitable preparations for your individual needs.
- Start with low doses and increase the amount slowly.
How can I avoid my allergies in everyday life?
In everyday life, there are various ways to prevent allergies and minimize symptoms.
Accurate food detection
- Read ingredient lists carefully to identify allergenic foods.
- Find out about alternative names for your allergens.
- If you don't know, ask rather than take a risk.
Careful preparation
- Prepare your own meals to avoid cross-contamination.
- Use separate kitchen utensils for allergenic foods.
- Wash surfaces thoroughly before beginning preparation.
Prudent behavior in public
- Always carry your emergency medication with you in case an unintended reaction occurs.
- Inform restaurants or hosts about your allergies before eating.
- Be vigilant and trust your intuition rather than taking risks.
What support is available for those affected?
There are various ways in which those affected by food intolerances can find help and support.
Specialist medical care
- Have yourself examined and advised by an allergist or gastroenterologist.
- These doctors can clarify the underlying causes and recommend appropriate therapy.
- Regular check-ups are important to monitor the progress.
Self-help groups and online communities
- Exchange ideas with other affected people in self-help groups or online forums.
- Experience reports and tips from like-minded people can be very helpful.
- Together we can find solutions and make it easier to deal with the intolerance.
Nutritionists and therapists
- Professional nutritionists can help you change your diet.
- Psychotherapists can help deal with the emotional challenges.
- Holistic care can significantly improve well-being.
Food intolerances don't have to dominate your entire life. With the right strategy and support, everyday life can be managed well. The key is to understand your individual needs and work toward solutions step by step.
What does our nutritional specialist Dr. Heinz Lüscher say about this:
Watch his video:
Q&A
What are the most common symptoms of allergies?
Common symptoms of allergies include sneezing, itchy eyes, shortness of breath, skin reactions, nausea, and headaches or dizziness, which occur quickly after contact with allergens.
How do allergies differ from food intolerances?
Allergies are immune reactions to harmless substances, whereas food intolerances usually arise due to enzyme deficiencies. Allergies can be more serious than intolerances.
What tests are available to diagnose allergies?
Common tests include skin tests, blood tests to measure IgE antibodies, and provocation tests that test the allergen directly.
How do I recognize the symptoms of a food intolerance?
Typical symptoms include digestive problems such as bloating or abdominal pain, skin reactions such as itching, and general complaints such as fatigue and dizziness.
When should I see a doctor?
A visit to the doctor is important in the case of severe or recurring symptoms, suspected food allergies or unclear complaints that cannot be diagnosed by yourself.
Which nutritional strategies help with food intolerances?
Important strategies include the elimination of problematic foods, a balanced diet with nutrient-rich foods and the possible supportive intake of enzymes and probiotics.
How can I avoid my allergies in everyday life?
Read ingredient lists carefully, prepare meals yourself, and inform restaurants about your allergies to avoid contamination.
What support is available for those affected?
Those affected can receive support from specialists, support groups, online communities and nutritionists to better manage their intolerances.
Understanding allergies and food intolerances is crucial for successful management in everyday life. Through proper diagnosis, effective nutritional strategies, and professional support, those affected can significantly improve their quality of life.